I Taller Camagüey 2001
6 de Marzo de 2001 -- 8 de Marzo de 2001
El primer taller "Mediciones con Lidar en Latinoamérica" fue celebrado del 6 al 8 de Marzo del 2001, en el Hotel Plaza de la ciudad de Camagüey. Este taller fue celebrado en el marco del proyecto "Caracterización de los Aerosoles Estratosféricos y Troposféricos sobre América Central y del Sur", financiado por el Instituto Interamericano para la Investigación del Cambio Global (IAI). Este proyecto vinculó a la Estación Lidar de Camagüey con la Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina y la Universidad de Rutgers, Estados Unidos. Este taller fue el primero auspiciado por el IAI en Cuba desde su creación. Fue elaborado un Reporte sobre la realización de este taller el cual fue publicado en la newsletter del IAI de Marzo - Junio de 2001.
Comité Organizador Internacional:
- Dr. Pablo Canziani (Presidente) Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- MS. Juan C. Antuña Estación Lidar de Camagüey, Cuba.
- Dr. Barclay Clemesha Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Espaciales, Brasil.
- Dr. Eduardo Quel
- Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de las Fuerzas Armadas, Argentina.
- Dr. Alan Robock Universidad de Rutgers, Estados Unidos
Comité Organizador Local:
- Dr. Juan C. Antuña (Presidente) Estación Lidar de Camagüey, Cuba.
- Tec. René Estevan Estación Lidar de Camagüey, Cuba.
- Lic. Boris Barja Estación Lidar de Camagüey, Cuba.
- Ing. Roberto Aroche Estación Lidar de Camagüey, Cuba.
| Lunes, 5 de Marzo de 2001 | ||
| 19:00—20:00 | Acreditación en el Hotel Plaza | |
| Martes, 6 de Marzo de 2001 | ||
| 08:00—08:30 | Acreditación de última hora | |
| 08:30—08:40 | J. C. Antuña | Introducción al Taller |
| 08:40—09:00 | B. Garea | Bienvenida de las Autoridades Cubanas |
| 09:00—09:10 | A. Robock | Introducción a la Sección |
| Historia, evolución, y estado actual de los proyectos lidares en América Latina | ||
| Exposiciones invitadas: | ||
| 09:10—09:30 | D. M. Simonich | A long-term history of stratospheric aerosol measurements at São José dos Campos. |
| 09:30—09:50 | B. R. Clemesha | Lidar studies of mesopause dynamics. |
| 09:50—10:10 | E. J. Quel | Cirrus clouds and tropospheric aerosol measurements. |
| 10:10—10:30 | E. J. Quel | Ozone measurements |
| 10:30—11:00 | Receso | |
| 11:00—11:20 | J. C. Antuña | Stratospheric aerosols measurements at Camagüey, Cuba. |
| 11:20—11:40 | R. Aroche | Cirrus clouds and attempts to derive lower stratosphere temperature. |
| Exposiciones: | ||
| 11:40—12:00 | C. A. Tepley | Lidar capabilities and research at Arecibo. |
| 12:00—12:20 | P. H. Flamant | On the importance of the near term deployment of a lidar-radiometer station network in South and Central America for climate change issues, and validation and ground truth for current satellite programmes and future space based lidar programmes. |
| 12:20—12:40 | E. Armandillo | ESA space lidar developments and applications. |
| 13:00—14:00 | Almuerzo | |
| 14:00—14:20 | J. S. Friedman | Atomic and molecular vapor filters for Doppler lidar. |
| 14:20—14:40 | L. Goldfarb | A cirrus climatology from the Observatoire de Haute Provence (44°N, 6°E). |
| 14:40—15:00 | L. Sauvage | Cirrus cloud evolution and tropopause variations in the vicinity of jetstreams in Europe and South America. |
| 15:00—15:20 | V. Santacesaria | Lidar measurements of the tropical tropopause during the APE-THESO campaign. |
| Exposiciones invitadas: | ||
| 15:20—15:40 | O. Torres | TOMS aerosol measurements. |
| 15:40—16:00 | A. Robock | Use of lidar aerosol measurements in climate modeling. |
| 16:00—16:30 | Receso | |
| Sesión de Poster | ||
| 16:30—18:00 | R. Delgado | Ab initio calculations of dissociative electron attachment reactions relevant to the formation of atomic metal enhanced layers in the mesopause. |
| M. Lavorato | Simultaneous measurement of atmospheric boundary layer, aerosols and cirrus clouds with dual lidar at Buenos Aires (34.6°S, 58.5°W). | |
| A. F. Pazmiño | Stratospheric ozone profiles measurements by a differential absorption lidar system at Buenos Aires and its comparison with different satellites. | |
| S. Raizada | Lidar probing of the Earth’s atmosphere. | |
| D. N. Whiteman | Raman lidar measurement of water vapor and aerosols in the vicinity of hurricane Bonnie. | |
| 20:00 | Coctel de Bienvenida en el Colonial | |
| Miércoles, 7 de Marzo de 2001 | ||
| Red de Lidares de América (ALINE) | ||
| 09:00—09:20 | J. C. Antuña | Propuesta de la Red Americana de Lidares (ALINE). |
| 09:20—09:40 | Sesión plenaria para discutir los objetivos del taller y crear los grupos de trabajo. | |
| 10:00—10:30 | Receso | |
| 10:30—13:00 | Sección de grupos de trabajo para coordinar los planes y preparar los reportes en dos tópicos: • Red ALINE, protocolos de medición y estructura. • Diseño del lidar. |
|
| 13:00—14:00 | Almuerzo | |
| 14:00—15:30 | Preparación de los reportes de los grupos de trabajo. | |
| 15:30—16:00 | Receso | |
| 19:00 | Regreso al Hotel Plaza | |
| Jueves, 8 de Marzo de 2001 | ||
| 09:00—10:30 | Presentación y discusión del reporte: “Red ALINE, protocolos de medición y estructura”. | |
| 10:30—11:00 | Receso | |
| 11:00—12:30 | Conclusiones | |
| 12:30—13:00 | Almuerzo | |
| Nombre | Centro que Pertenece | País |
|---|---|---|
| Juan Carlos Antuña-Marrero | Centro Meteorológico de Camagüey | Cuba |
| Errico Armandillo | Agencia Espacial Europea (ESA) | Holanda |
| Roberto Aroche | Centro Meteorológico de Camagüey | Cuba |
| Boris Barja González | Centro Meteorológico de Camagüey | Cuba |
| Barclay R. Clemesha | Insituto Nacional de Investigaciones Espaciales (INPE) | Brasil |
| Rubén Delgado | Universidad de Puerto Rico | Puerto Rico |
| René Estevan Arredondo | Centro Meteorológico de Camagüey | Cuba |
| Leonardo Fernández | Centro Meteorológico de Camagüey | Cuba |
| Bárbara Garea | Programa Nacional de Cambio Climático | Cuba |
| Minard Hall | Instituto Geofísico | Ecuador |
| Patricia A. Mothes | Instituto Geofísico | Ecuador |
| Roberto Naranjo | Centro Meteorológico de Camagüey | Cuba |
| Jose A. de la Oz | Centro Meteorológico de Camagüey | Cuba |
| Eduardo Palenque | Universidad Mayor de San Andrés | Bolivia |
| Arturo Peña | Centro Meteorológico de Camagüey | Cuba |
| Shikha Raizada | Instituto de Nacional de Astronomía e Ionósfera | Puerto Rico |
| Pablo Ristori | Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones (CEILAP) | Argentina |
| Alan Robock | Universidad de Rutgers | Estados Unidos de América |
| Orlando L. Rodríguez | Centro Meteorológico de Camagüey | Cuba |
| Dale M. Simonich | Insituto Nacional de Investigaciones Espaciales (INPE) | Brasil |
| Craig Tepley | Instituto de Nacional de Astronomía e Ionósfera | Puerto Rico |
| Reynaldo Victoria | Instituto Interamericano para Investigaciones sobre Cambios Globales (IAI) | Brasil |
| Elian Wolfram | Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones (CEILAP) | Argentina |
| Francesco Zaratti | Universidad Mayor de San Andrés | Bolivia |
A long-term history of stratospheric aerosol measurements at São José dos Campos.
Dale M. Simonich and Barclay R. Clemesha
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), CP 515, São José dos Campos, 12201-970 SP, Brazil.
Lidar observations of stratospheric aerosols have been made at São José dos Campos, SP (23° S, 46° W) since 1972. The long term variations in the integrated backscatter are dominated by the effects of the 1982 El Chichón and 1991 Mt. Pinatubo injections. A visual analysis of the data from 1975 to 1985 suggests that the annual sum of the volcanic explosivity index is better correlated with significant changes in the integrated backscatt...
Lidar studies of mesopause dynamics.
B. R. Clemesha, P.P. Batista and D. M. Simonich
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), CP 515, São José dos Campos, 12201-970 SP, Brazil.
The INPE lidar has been used to make extensive studies of the atmospheric sodium layer. The vertical distribution of sodium is strongly influenced by atmospheric waves and, consequently, measurements of the time-variation of this distribution can be used to study atmospheric dynamics. In the past we have used measurements of this sort to determine the principal tidal modes active at the our location (São José dos Campos, 23° S, 46° W)....
Stratospheric aerosolos measurements at Camagüey, Cuba.
Juan Carlos Antuña, René Estevan Arredondo, Boris Barja González and Roberto Aroche
Lidar Station, Camagüey Meteorological Center, Meteorological Institute, Cuba
Stratospheric aerosol lidar measurements at Camagüey (21° 24' N, 77° 51' W), have been conducted under volcanic and not volcanic conditios. Those measurements cover the periods before, during, and after the Mt. Pinatubo eruption. Several applications have been reported using de information provided by the lidar. TOMS aerosol determination made use of our lidar information for improving their retrieval. GCM aeros...
An attempts to derive middle stratosphere temperature and density at Camagüey Lidar Station, Cuba.
Roberto Aroche Ramírez and Ismael Pomares Ponce
Camagüey Meteorological Center, Meteorological Institute, Cuba
The potentiality of the 532 nm Nd:YAG lidar at Camagüey Lidar Station (CLS; 21° 24' N, 77° 51' W), in the determination of the temperature and density in the middle stratosphere is analysed. The study is carried out in Camagüey starting from the lidar aerosol measurements. For it the monochromatic method was applied to a selection of observation little affected by the presence of aerosols cloud associated with the Mt. Pinatubo eruption in 1991 (1994 - 1997 period). As co...
Lidar Capabilities and Research at Arecibo.
Craig A. Tepley, Jonathan Friedman, Raul Garcia, Shikha Raizada, and Eva Robles
Cornell University, NAIC Arecibo Observatory, HC-03 Box 53995, Arecibo, PR 00612
The Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico (18.35° N, 66.75° W) is a versatile tool used in a variety of research objectives that examine the characteristics of the low latitude atmosphere and ionosphere. Several radars and optical instruments, in place at the facility since the mid-1960's, are used by a number of visiting scientists every year. We will discuss a few of the many unique research programs that are currently underway at Arecibo, which st...
ESA space lidar developments and applications.
Errico Armandillo
TOS-EEO, Opto-electronic Section, European Space Agency, P.O. Box 299 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands
As part of the Earth Observation Programmes, the European Space Agency has been involved in the definition, studies and developments for various types of lidar sensors. At first, a Doppler Wind Lidar, for 3-D tropospheric wind profiling, is due to fly on board the forthcoming Atmospheric Dynamic Mission (ADM), also called Aeolus; next, a Backascattering Lidar, ATLID, for Cloud and Aerosols observations, is proposed to be flown as a joint European-Japanese mission. Last, the Differential absorption lid...
Key role played by the Atmospheric Boundary layer in the Air Quality problem.
Pierre H. Flamant1 and Javier Fochesatto2
1Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire de Météorologie, France
2CEILAP/CONICET, Argentine
The vertical structure and dynamic properties of the Continental Atmospheric Boundary Layer (CABL) have been studied in the framework of two programmes dedicated to Air Quality, one in Buenos Aires, Argentina, since 1996, and the other one in Paris, France, in 1998 - 2000. An emphasis on the CABL structure is linked to its key role for ventilation of pollutants which is control by its actual height (h) and mean wind velocity. During these two studies, a special atten...
Atomic and Molecular Vapor Filters for Doppler Lidar.
Jonathan S. Friedman
Cornell University, NAIC Arecibo Observatory, HC-03 Box 53995, Arecibo, PR 00612
High spectral resolution lidars are used for the measurement of winds in the low-to-middle atmosphere. At the Arecibo Observatory, we make Doppler measurements of middle-atmospheric winds using Rayleigh lidar and mesopause temperatures using resonance lidar. Both of these techniques require extremely high spectral resolution, on the order of 1 part in 10^7. In order to achieve and maintain this resolution, we employ molecular and atomic vapor filters.The Rayleigh lidar requires the use of two molecular iodine filters...
A Cirrus Climatology from Observatoire de Haute Provence (44° N, 6° E).
L. Goldfarb, P. Keckhut, M.-L. Chanin, and A. Hauchecorne
Service d'Aéronomie du CNRS BP 3, 91371 Verrières-le-Buisson CEDEX, FRANCE
Quantification of cirrus occurrences and their optical properties is essential in the calculation of the heating rates, but long-term studies, especially of optically thin cirrus, are limited. We have constructed a climatology of cirrus clouds over the Observatoire de Haute Provence from ground-based lidar measurements taken between 1997 to 1999. During this time the Rayleigh-Mie lidar collected nearly 400 nights of measurements and cirrus profiles are detected in abou...
Cirrus cloud evolution and tropopause variations in the vicinity of jetstreams in Europe and South America.
Laurent Sauvage1, Mario Lavorato2, Pierre H. Flamant1 and Eduardo Quel2
1Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique du CNRS, France
2Division Radar Laser - CEILAP (CITEFA - CONICET)
We present dynamical processes leading to cirrus formation in the vicinity of jetstreams. Ageostrophic circulations across the jet axis are induced by mesoscale accelerations of the jetstream. Other circulations along the flow are created by largescale curvature of the flow. Vertical branches of these circulations seem to be the main cause of cirrus formation or decay. We will show several observations by lidar conduc...
Lidar measurements of the tropical tropopause during APE-THESEO Campaing.
L. Stefanutti1, V. Santacesaria1, A. Adriani2, F. Cairo2, G. Didonfranceso2, V. Mitev3, H. Flentje4 and C. Kiemle4
1Istituto di Ricerca sulle Onde Elettromagnetiche of CNR, via Pancaldo 21, 50127 Firenze, Italy
2Istituto di Fisica dell'Atmosfera-CNR, via del Fosso del Cavaliere, Roma, Italy
3Observatoire Neuchatel, Switzerland
4Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
APE-THESO campaign was held from 15 February to 15 March 1999 from the Seychelles in the western Indian Ocean. The principal goal of the campaign was the study of the tropical upper tr...
Use of Lidar Aerosol Measurements in Climata Modeling.
Alan Robock and Georgiy Stenchikov
Department of Enviromental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
Large volcanic eruptions inject sulfur gases into the stratosphere, which convert to sulfate aerosols with an e-folding residence time of about 1 year. Large ash particles fall out much quicker. The radiative and chemical effects of this aerosol cloud produce responses in the climate system. By scattering some solar radiation back to space, the aerosols cool the surface, but by absorbing both solar and terrestrial radiation. the aerosol layer heats the stratosphere. For a tropical eruption, this heati...
Ab Initio Calculations of Dissociative Electron Attachment Reactions Relevant to the Formation of Atomic Metal Enhanced Layers in the Mesopause.
Rubén Delgado1, Yasuyuki Ishikawa1, Brad R. Weiner1 and Jonathan S. Friedman2
1Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras, PR 00931
2Arecibo Observatory, National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, HC3 Box 53995 Arecibo, PR 00612
Ab initio calculations were performed to estimate the reaction enthalpies of species that may be involved in the formation of Atomic metal Enhanced Layers (ALE’s) in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere in the region of 80 to 100 km. Among the mechanisms proposed in the formation of ALE’s in the upper atmosphere are dissociative...